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Fix guides

The fix, not the warning.

44 common website problems, each with before and after code, a difficulty rating and an honest time estimate.

Start with the quick wins

Rated easy but high impact: the best return on an afternoon.

How to Remove an Accidental noindex

Find and remove a stray noindex that is keeping an important page out of Google entirely.

EasyCritical5 min

How to Secure Cookies (Secure, HttpOnly, SameSite)

Add the flags that stop cookies being stolen over HTTP, via XSS, or in CSRF attacks.

EasyHigh impact10 min

How to Fix a Page That Is Too Large

Bring total page weight down, usually images and JavaScript, so it loads on a real connection.

EasyHigh impact1-2 hours

How to Fix a Missing SSL Certificate

Serve the whole site over HTTPS so browsers stop marking it as not secure.

EasyHigh impact30-60 min

How to Add a Canonical Tag

Name the preferred URL so duplicate addresses do not split your ranking signals.

EasyHigh impact30 min

How to Fix a Missing Title Tag

Give the page a title: the strongest on-page signal and the line people click.

EasyHigh impact15 min

Performance

Core Web Vitals and the render path that decides them.

13 guides

How to Minify Your CSS

Strip comments and whitespace from stylesheets to cut their size by 30-50%.

EasyMedium10 min

How to Minify Your JavaScript

Compress JS by removing comments, whitespace and shortening names: often a 40-60% reduction.

EasyMedium10 min

How to Lazy-Load Off-Screen Images

Defer images below the fold so they don't compete with the initial render.

EasyMedium10 min

How to Preload Web Fonts and Fix Invisible Text

Preload key fonts and use font-display: swap so text is never invisible while fonts load.

MediumMedium15 min

How to Fix a Slow Time to First Byte

Cut server response time so everything else on the page can start sooner.

MediumHigh impact1-3 hours

How to Fix Render-Blocking CSS

Stop stylesheets delaying first paint by inlining what is critical and deferring the rest.

MediumHigh impact1-2 hours

How to Fix a Page That Is Too Large

Bring total page weight down, usually images and JavaScript, so it loads on a real connection.

EasyHigh impact1-2 hours

How to Fix a Slow Largest Contentful Paint

Get the biggest visible element rendering within 2.5 seconds.

MediumHigh impact1-3 hours

How to Fix a High Cumulative Layout Shift

Stop the page jumping around while it loads by reserving space up front.

MediumHigh impact1-2 hours

How to Eliminate Render-Blocking JavaScript

Defer or async non-critical scripts so they stop delaying the page from rendering.

MediumHigh impact20 min

How to Enable Gzip / Brotli Compression

Compress text responses (HTML, CSS, JS) so they transfer 60-80% smaller.

MediumHigh impact15 min

How to Add Browser Cache Headers

Tell browsers to cache static assets so repeat visits load almost instantly.

MediumMedium15 min

How to Reduce Too Many HTTP Requests

Cut the number of files a page loads so it renders with fewer round-trips.

MediumHigh impact30 min

SEO

The tags, sitemaps and markup Google reads before it ranks you.

15 guides

How to Remove an Accidental noindex

Find and remove a stray noindex that is keeping an important page out of Google entirely.

EasyCritical5 min

How to Fix Broken Internal Links (404s)

Find and repair internal links that point to missing pages so you stop leaking link equity.

MediumMedium20 min

How to Fix Redirect Chains

Collapse multi-hop redirects (A→B→C) into a single hop to the final URL.

MediumMedium15 min

How to Add Breadcrumb Navigation and Schema

Add breadcrumbs (and BreadcrumbList schema) so users and Google understand your site hierarchy.

MediumMedium20 min

How to Fix Multiple H1 Tags

Use one h1 per page so the document outline and the page's subject are unambiguous.

EasyMedium30 min

How to Add Schema Markup

Describe the page in JSON-LD so search engines read what it is instead of inferring it.

MediumHigh impact1-2 hours

How to Fix a Missing H1 Tag

Give the page a single top-level heading that names its subject.

EasyMedium15 min

How to Add Twitter Card Tags

Control how the page looks when it is shared on X and in chat apps.

EasyLow impact15 min

How to Add Open Graph Tags

Control the title, description and image shown when your link is shared.

EasyMedium15 min

How to Add a Canonical Tag

Name the preferred URL so duplicate addresses do not split your ranking signals.

EasyHigh impact30 min

How to Fix a Missing Title Tag

Give the page a title: the strongest on-page signal and the line people click.

EasyHigh impact15 min

How to Add a robots.txt File

Tell crawlers what they may request, and point them at your sitemap.

EasyMedium15 min

How to Add a Favicon

Give the site an icon for browser tabs, bookmarks and search results.

EasyLow impact15 min

How to Add an XML Sitemap

Publish a list of the URLs you want discovered, and tell search engines where it is.

EasyMedium30 min

How to Add a Missing Meta Description

Write the 150-160 character snippet that appears under your title in Google results.

EasyMedium5 min

Security

Headers, TLS and cookie flags. Cheap to fix, expensive to skip.

9 guides

How to Add X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff

Stop browsers from MIME-sniffing responses: a one-line header that closes an XSS vector.

EasyMedium2 min

How to Add a Permissions-Policy Header

Restrict which browser features (camera, mic, geolocation) the page and its iframes can use.

EasyLow impact5 min

How to Secure Cookies (Secure, HttpOnly, SameSite)

Add the flags that stop cookies being stolen over HTTP, via XSS, or in CSRF attacks.

EasyHigh impact10 min

How to Fix a Missing SSL Certificate

Serve the whole site over HTTPS so browsers stop marking it as not secure.

EasyHigh impact30-60 min

How to Stop Your Site Being Framed

Block clickjacking by declaring who may embed your pages in an iframe.

EasyMedium15 min

How to Add the HSTS Header

Tell browsers to reach your site over HTTPS only, closing the first-request gap.

EasyMedium15 min

How to Fix Mixed Content Warnings

Make every resource load over HTTPS so the browser shows a secure padlock.

EasyHigh impact20 min

How to Add a Content-Security-Policy (CSP) Header

Add a CSP to block cross-site scripting (XSS) by controlling what resources can load.

MediumHigh impact40 min

How to Add a Referrer-Policy Header

Control how much referrer information your site leaks to other sites.

EasyMedium5 min

Accessibility

WCAG failures that also happen to hurt your rankings.

5 guides

How to Fix Low Color Contrast

Make text meet the WCAG 4.5:1 contrast ratio so it's readable for everyone.

MediumMedium20 min

How to Add Labels to Form Inputs

Associate a visible label with every input so screen-reader users can fill your forms.

EasyMedium15 min

How to Fix a Missing Lang Attribute

Declare the page's language so assistive technology pronounces it correctly.

EasyMedium5 min

How to Fix Tap Targets That Are Too Small

Make buttons and links big enough and far enough apart to hit on a phone.

EasyMedium30-60 min

How to Add Alt Text to Images

Describe images with alt text for screen-reader users and image SEO.

EasyMedium15 min

Mobile

What breaks on a 390px screen and how to unbreak it.

2 guides

How to Fix Content Wider Than the Screen

Stop horizontal scrolling on mobile by replacing fixed widths with responsive ones.

MediumHigh impact20 min

How to Fix a Missing Viewport Meta Tag

Add the tag that makes a responsive layout actually apply on phones.

EasyHigh impact5 min

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